Always keeping your website in its pristine state is not easy. Therefore when a website owner experiences a sudden drop in search engine traffic, it can be frustrating and even tragic for some. However, a decline in traffic does not mean it is the end of the world.
The truth is there is hardly a website owner who has never experienced this situation, as google keeps on adjusting their ranking algorithm all the time. This is assuming you get a large part of your traffic organically from google, and many blogs and websites do.
So if it does happen to you, do not lose hope. There are moments when incidents like these occur temporarily and pass after a few weeks. But if you suspect a deeper issue, it is time to do some auditing.
Here are the possible elements to check when your web traffic plunges.
Your Own Website
Check the front end of your website and see if it is working properly, or if there is a problem with the domain or site. If all the significant parts of your website work fine, you should check inbound links.
This is very true for websites who gain the majority of their traffic from existing campaigns. So if you have a lot of inbound campaigns, ensure that they are all working like a well-oiled machine.
Your Content
Content is critical in SEO. Therefore, every webmaster should follow the rules of good content writing – which are no thin, plagiarized or duplicate content. Thin articles are posts that contain very little information and often hold no value to the reader.
Thin content can also be a long article with very few relevant ideas. Plagiarizing is when one website copies another site’s content and takes credit for it. Duplicate content on the other hand, occurs when a site posts material that has already been posted on another of their website. Make sure you only publish original informative and useful content.
Google Analytics and Algorithm
If the issue is not with your website or your content, check your Google Analytics and see if you can pinpoint where things went wrong. Go back to your recent marketing activities and examine if there is a correlation to your traffic loss.
By the end of this step, you should be able to conduct an internal audit where you may discover possible internal and external factors affecting your site.
Google continues to update their algorithm to provide the best search results to their users consistently. Sometimes, niche specified updates can end up affecting your website. The sad part here is that there is nothing you can do about it. See if your keywords are in order. You can conduct some patches to keep your keywords in order once more.
Your Competition
Various factors could influence how a competitor of yours ends up taking away your traffic. One example is when they seem to be using the same keywords as you. Determine what’s going on by spying on your competition. There are many different ways to analyse competing websites like ahrefs, you just need to find the right tool for it.
When your keywords are affected by the algorithm update, it is time to use alternative keywords that can help you gain a competitive advantage. If there are just too many international competitors, it is time to consider going local. Doing this will help you narrow down your target market and regain some of the traffic you have lost.
For businesses and companies that generate their sales and leads online, a steady flow of web traffic is critical to their success. That is why a sharp plunge in traffic can send a successful and profitable business in panic mode.
Although it is certainly normal to be concerned about such a dire situation, know that there are ways to prevent this from happening and to stop this from continuing. So if you have not experienced this yet, it is time to adopt some preventative measures.
If you are currently losing traffic, check the above tips to prepare your website for the worse. Good luck!
Online shopping is the new trend. However, there is a risk of getting scammed if you are not meticulous in checking the website’s legitimacy.
Listed below are the elements you need to check on a website to make sure it’s safe for you to buy there.
Securing Your Data
Despite the fact that physical stores like Target and Home Depot have been targets of information robbery through the most recent years, ecommerce business exchanges are similarly powerless against such attacks. What’s more, online customers are helpless against tricks like phishing or false websites, spam/phishing messages, pop-ups, social centered attacks, and fake foundations or causes.
When you give an online retailer your data, they must secure the information that you gave them, so it’s essential that you be watchful who you trust with your data on the Web. Yet, how would you know who to trust? How would you know whether a site is honest to goodness and how to know if it is safe to give them your information?
The most effective method to know whether a Website Is Secure
Prior to giving any data to a website, you should ensure it is secure. The following are some fast tips that you can use to tell if a site is secure.
Look at the domain name
Digital aggressors will once in a while make websites that copy existing websites and attempt to trap individuals into buying something on or signing into their phishing site. These sites frequently look precisely like the current website people thought they were browsing.
They may utilize hardly distinguishable name from the real site: a digital assailant buys the space “amaz0n.com” and sets up a website at that location that looks precisely like the amazon.com website. They purchase a DV endorsement for their website and endeavor to trap clients (by utilizing phishing messages or different strategies) to buy things or sign into their records on the copy phishing site.
To stay away from these sorts of assaults, dependably take a gander at the URL of the site you are on. On the off chance that you get an email from your bank or other online merchant, don’t tap the connection in the email. Sort the area into your program to ensure you are interfacing with the website where you plan to be.
Search for Signs that the Company Is Real
There are a couple of signs that you can search for to enable you to know whether an organization is genuine or not.
Physical address and telephone number – If the organization records a physical address and telephone number there is a higher shot that they are a genuine business. Legitimate organizations will list their data so you can reach them if there is an issue.
Merchandise exchange – Reputable sites should list their arrival arrangement and also their delivery approach. In case you can’t discover these arrangements on their site, you most likely would prefer not to buy from them.
Costs are too low to be real – It’s awesome when you discover a great deal, yet you ought to be careful about sites that offer items at costs that are far lower than they ought to be. You could wind up with knock off stock, stolen products, or not get anything by any means.
Privacy and TOS – Reputable sites should disclose to you how they ensure your data and whether they give your data to outsiders. You should ensure a site has a privacy and TOS and read it before you make a buy.
Be Safe Out There
Shopping on the web is greatly advantageous and can make your life a breathe if you purchase a lot of goods and services on a regular basis. But succumbing to an online trick or two or some form of information robbery could destroy anybody’s enjoyment. Ensure you remain safe on the web and protect your data by following these fast tips amid your browsing, for you own sake.
Traveling is a fun experience when you are prepared and fit. But if you are experiencing health problems such as chronic back pain, your traveling experience could become uneasy and difficult.
Riding an airplane is already uncomfortable enough. Unless you booked yourself a first class seat, you would have walked on a small path or go through tight spaces just to get to sit down. Most passengers in the economy seats cannot even stretch their legs or recline their seats. So what are you going to do now if you suffer from back pain?
Here are preventative tips you can follow.
Stay Away From Coffee, Tea or Alcohol
Humidity inside an airplane is low and this can cause your body to become a bit dehydrated. To prevent the low pressure of the air cabin from causing more trouble to your health, stay away from drinks like tea, coffee and alcohol as they can can make you expel more.
If you allow your body to deplete its water supply, your circulation will become less efficient and this cause more body or back pain.
Check Your Size
If you are generally bigger or taller than an average man or woman, it is best to book an aisle seat for your flight. This way you can easily get up to go to the bathroom and go back without disturbing anybody seated next to you.
If you are smaller or shorter, you may also want to consider bringing a collapsible foot rest. There are some airlines who provide these to their passengers so you can also ask a flight attendant if they have one.
Stand Up And Move Around If Possible
Most airline companies allow their passengers to stand up and walk around for a while if they are taking longer flights. Try to avoid sitting down for an hour and ask an attendant if he or she can help you out. After 30 to 40 minutes of sitting down, you can stand up and walk on the aisle if they allow you to.
Keep Your Legs Moving
There are some spacious spots in the economy wherein you can stretch your leg muscles. If you book a seat near the emergency exit, you can have an entire space right in front of you. You can even perform yoga poses if you wish.
But if you missed this opportunity and booked a different seat in a more congested spot instead, you need to keep your legs in front of you and stretch them out as often as you can. That way the leg circulation does not remain stagnant, causing fatigue and leading to deep vein thrombosis.
Bring Medicine
Even if you are living a natural lifestyle and refuse to use over-the-counter medicines, it is still best for you that you bring some pain reliever such as the turmeric curcumin supplement. This ensures that your travel experience can be less uncomfortable if the pain starts to disrupt anybody.
Long-haul flights can be very uncomfortable. If you find yourself in pain in a flight, the best action you can take is to stay active. Avoid seated for hours, just keep moving. Stand up and walking around or ask an attendant if there is a tiny space at the back where you can stretch and not disturb anybody. The above information can help you if you wanted to know how to alleviate back pain and prevent it from happening again.
If the pain is still there after you have returned from your trip, see a professional who can talk to your about long-term solutions to your stubborn back problem.
Web hosting is the vehicle that allows your website to be noticed on the Internet, and yet you may know nothing or little about it.
You may find the concept of web hosting confusing or intimidating, but you need to learn a few things about it if you want your website up and running. This article can further provide you with quality guidance on choosing a hosting service provider.
You need to decide whether you are going for shared or dedicated hosting. In the case of a site with many pages an posts, or when receiving a lot of traffic, you need to find the right web host to suit your requirements. In this situation, it could be a great idea to look for a dedicated host.
You must inquire about all security measures implemented when you select your web host. Nowadays with online communities getting more and more complicated and intertwined, websites will come under attack on a regular basis, and there are many ways in which this can transpire. Ensure that the host of your choosing has security programs in place to handle these problems properly. You should probe about the potential hazards to your website to your chose provider in the event that the host is under attack.
Are you stuck between choosing between paid and free hosting provider as a place to put your new website? The most considerable disadvantage of free hosting is if there is a system failure or downtime, you can potentially lose everything. If security is critical for your website, pay more to have what is known as the secure server certificate.
You should check out all of the options available to you and establish an excellent site by having an efficient web host. Rates will often vary significantly. Frequently, inexpensive deals tend to be quite reliable. But more expensive web host can accommodate more bandwidth for your site. They may also have just as much–or more–downtime than less expensive hosts.
Free web hosts are available if you’re looking to save a significant amount of money. This type of hosting plan often means ads will appear on your page, and that you’ll have limited storage space as well. If you want to create a professional-looking site, this type of hosting isn’t best for your needs.
Check if the host that you’re considering renders money back guarantees. If at some point, during the first 30 days after signing up and you become unhappy with the service, you should be able to cancel your plan and get your money back. Some web hosts providers do not live up to their guarantees and might lead you to believe that they will return your money.
Look for customer reviews and make sure they are located on independent websites to get a good idea of the company. These reviews will help you recognize a far better idea of how the provider truly performs.
Try and find a web hosting company which offers a cPanel. A cPanel assists you in adding popular applications onto your website without any trouble. These applications are usually very intuitive and instinctive. It also makes running your site much more efficient.
If you are new to the world of web design, go for a web host that offers excellent customer service rather than a lot of bells and whistles. As a novice, you may rely on the helpfulness of the web hosting company to get you up and running with your site. You will get a lot more from a technical support versus the applications that other companies may offer.
A dedicated server is a favorite among webmasters with extensive files. This type of server enables you to have more storage space. It also provides better security for your website. This will ensure that you render your customers with optimal experience whenever they visit your site. Remember, a happy visitor always comes back to the sites they found to be fast and informative.
Check out the aesthetics of the site of your potential web host. A poorly created page is a red flag for many users and should be avoided. A professional website shows that the hosting company has at least some experience in HTML and designing web pages.
Make sure your site does not get taken away by scammers. Never fall for any bogus miscellaneous fees either. Many providers won’t disclose extra expenses that come with the package so make sure to conduct your research well. Find out every potential fee upfront to avoid any unexpected costs.
In conclusion, those who own a website may not know a thing about web hosting. But now that you have read this article, you should have gathered some more insight with regards to web hosting providers and how to choose one. Use the advice you’ve just learned today to help you find the right web hosting company.
Yoga includes different practices and it has originated in ancient India. It uses meditation and inspires self-love. Yoga seeks inner tranquility against the outer world of turbulence. It is believed to positively impact the mind, the soul and body.
Although yoga is not as fast-paced as many of the vigorous exercises that are used for weight loss, many people claim that yoga can actually help in weight loss.
Numerous yoga instructors and students claim that yoga has helped them lose the extra weight safely and steadily. It is even claimed that those who practice yoga regularly tend to put on less weight as they age compared to those who don’t practice yoga.
Weight loss depends on the balance between the food intake and the energy expenditure. You need to consume less food than the calories you burn in order to lose weight.
However, yoga can help with fitness, but is not a traditional way of losing weight. It helps you lose weight through affecting your mind, body and soul. If your mind is always in an over-reactive and an unbalanced state, weight loss will be very hard to achieve. Yoga will create a harmony that impacts your mental state, your emotions and your body.
Below are three ways yoga can lead to weight loss.
Yoga fights stress
When you step on the mat and surrender to the yoga poses and controlled breathing, you begin to enjoy relaxation.
Yoga changes the way you live and the way you think. You learn how to be in charge once again after you were controlled by anxiety and stress.
Since stress can cause weight gain due to the elevation of cortisol which in turn stimulates fat storage, fighting stress can, therefore, lead to smooth weight loss. There are even some yoga poses that aim at stretching the abs and other parts of the body.
Self-love
Many people who tend to lose weight see themselves as their worst enemy.
They are mad at themselves for craving sweets and beat themselves up for not progressing fast enough. There is usually an emotional aspect to obesity. Yoga cultivates self-love.
You learn how to love yourself more and to be gentle with it. The resulting harmony positively influences your daily habits further and you learn to give yourself a pat on the back. Yoga can boost your self-esteem and you will learn to enjoy life more from it.
Tune into your body
Yoga is a spiritual practice that makes you tune into your body. You learn more about your body needs and about any changes in your body.
Yoga can teach you, through meditation, how to pay attention to your body and how to listen to it. You are one with your body and you are more supportive of it.
Why start yoga
Yoga should become a part of your lifestyle if you wish to enjoy its benefits. Make a point to practice yoga regularly. There are many yoga styles, some are vigorous and some are rather slow. Choose a yoga style you feel comfortable with.
Try to search for an inspiring yoga instructor who can instill the yoga principles in your soul and who is creative enough to enrich your experience of yoga.
The results of yoga become clear soon after you get started. Whatever the yoga style you choose and whatever your mastery level is, you will definitely benefit from your yoga practice.
Yoga does not need a certain age to start. It is always the right time once you decide it is. Yoga will be helpful no matter what your age is. In fact, yoga was found to help post-menopausal women to lose belly fat, that is otherwise very stubborn to lose.
The yoga experience over the mat is actually worth trying. In today’s hectic lives where so much is going on, our minds tend to be over-reactive.
Yoga is the solution to bring a state of stillness once again to ourselves. Yoga will train you to relax, to feel your body needs and to truly love your body. Yoga is the essential practice of caring for yourself and your health. Its impact is far more than weight loss.
While cycling has increased in French cities, sustainable neighborhoods begin to bloom in the capital.
Residents may well be among the first to use the bike paths of sustainable neighborhoods, which are biased toward light motorized traffic and public transport. The construction of an eco-district among other thing rests on better living and living together.
The urban setting has to be warm and alive, and natural heritage, security, as well as biodiversity, water management, noise and air pollution are taken into account. Building a sustainable community is based in particular on high environmental quality rewarding the preservation of the planet and a better quality of life.
A sustainable community is designed according to environmental and energy challenges, but also according to economic and social criteria. Eco-building, renewable energy, greening techniques are widely used in these eco-neighborhoods.
The concept of eco-neighborhood was first developed in the countries of northern Europe. The Government has encouraged its development in France where the projects of sustainable neighborhoods are still very recent. These neighborhoods are close to the center and well served by public transport.
Meanwhile, there is a proliferation of small projects in France. These new neighborhoods are truly eco-neighborhoods, they need to be serviced by public transport and car traffic and parking are limited. It is a difficult objective to implement but the view is changing even though it is still a gamble at this stage.
Indeed, 40% of average emissions of greenhouse gases are produced by buildings and 40% by public transport. Other sectors, which include industry, only account for 20%. In France the focus is on the building with techniques such as thermal insulation, while in the first experiments in Germany, the main criterion is a city without a car.
The construction of an eco-district refers to the principles of sustainable development based on economic issues (including development of commercial and non-polluting activities), social (build social housing and community facilities) and environmental (focus attention on managing energy, water and waste).
The principle of an eco-neighborhood is a first step towards a new vision of the city, the goal is to break the boundaries of these eco-communities across the territory of the city. To do this, these areas must be readily accessible to all, that they are role models. Beyond the planned actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the City of Paris is acting on the environment: adaptation of buildings, vegetation of Paris, creating green spaces, roofs, shared gardens and playing grounds. The sustainable neighborhoods are emerging especially on the outskirts of the city, on vacant urban land or concerted development zones.
The district Fréquel Hondarribia in the 20th district was awarded in November 2009 a contest in the category of driving down energy costs. The Batignolles district in the 17th district will be divided into three areas including.
In 2012, the heart of the 18th district will pilot an eco-neighborhood in Paris, while it will retain its architectural heritage site. Launched in December 2009, the warehouse Macdonald located in Aubervilliers, is the largest geothermal project of its kind in Paris and covers an area of 1200 hectares. By common impulse, the inhabitants of the street Denoyer, in the 20th arrondissement of Paris, decided to participate together in the greening of their neighborhood.
In Europe, there are many sustainable neighborhoods, including the Netherlands, Ava-Lanxmeer in Culemborg, Sweden, B001 in Malmö and Hammarby in Stockholm, and Finland in Helsinki Vikki. BedZED is a neighborhood built between 2001 and 2002 in south London. Covering an area of 43 hectares, it accommodates 100 housing units, 2,500m² of offices and shops, green spaces, playing fields, a theater, a gaming center, a health center, a sports complex and a nursery. Since its inception, and compared to conventional dwellings, this eco-district reduced its energy consumption for heating by 88% and electricity by 25%.
In Germany, the Vauban district in Freiburg im Breisgau was rehabilitated in 1996. Nearly 3,000 homes and 600 jobs were created. The homes are powered by solar energy and produce more energy than they consume. The neighborhood was built for optimal sun exposure, with ecological materials, and the roofs are vegetated. The traffic is reduced and the outdoor space reserved for soft play and travel. Switzerland also has many eco-neighborhoods, in Geneva, Lausanne, Zurich and Bern near the casino area. Plans are under way in Austin, Texas, United States, and Wuhan, China as well.
The City of Paris has been engaged for several years in a new policy of sharing public space. For example Alesia-Tombe Issoire covers an area of 465 hectares and is built to improve safety and comfort of residents. The continuity of bicycle routes has been optimized, and speed of traffic has been limited.
A significant portion was also dedicated to the greening of the district, with the planting of 45 trees and 14 planters. In the 12th arrondissement, the district encourages slow travel, with a velocity of 30 km/h, a revamped parking lot, or the creation of bike paths. Shrubs and planters were installed to add vegetation to the area.
Over the past few years, Trance music has actually become one of the most popular genres around. It is routinely played in venues located throughout the world, adding to its overall appeal.
The music was developed in the 1990s throughout Germany, but quickly developed in to a mature genre in its own right. Though the origins of the music are hotly debated, many credit Klaus Schulze and Sven Vath with fostering some of the initial record releases.
Many fans of the music will want to check out how they can link up with a wide selection of this genre. This will give them the chance that they need to actually understand some of the complexities associated with this musical field.
The production of trance music often coincides with many other types of electronic music recordings. The use of a synthesizer will feature prominently on many tracks, adding a characteristic element to these recordings.
Other instruments may be included as well, depending on the artist and the style that they tend to exhibit. Some will opt to include classic instruments, often creating an operatic element that many people tend to enjoy. The synthesizers are typically used to produce a 4/4 time signature, which may include beats at a tempo of 125 to 150 BPM.
Clubs will need to make sure that they are equipped to play this music, which may require the use of specialized sound equipment. This is particularly true if they wants to host live performances from these artists at these events.
Over the years, there have actually been many different types of sub-genres released under this brand. This is owing to some of the creative elements that have been espoused by many artists within the Trance music field.
Uplifting Trance was one of the first offshoots, having been produced in the 1990s as well. It showcases strong influences from the classical genre of music, incorporating many similar elements. Popular artists within this sub-genre include Arctic Moon and Soundlift.
They are well known for playing in many different house venues and have proven to be popular acts for many fans out there. Other sub-genres have included Dream Trance and Balearic trance. The popularity of some of these sub-genres will tend to vary by geographic location and within different types of sub-cultures.
Though Trance music got its start in Europe, its popularity has quickly spread throughout the world. This is reflected by the proliferation of many different types of international music festivals that will headline with some major Trance music performers. India has become well known for hosting the annual Sunburn Festival, which tends to draw in several different types of acts under this genre of music.
In the United States, the Ultra Music Festival is held on an annual basis in Miami. The Electric Forest Festival is actually a 4 day event held in Michigan, which tends to bring in expansive outdoor crowds for these performers.
Trance music is a dance music and usually people who like trance are fit and active, many of them athletic. This is overall a young crowd who likes to have fun at these trance parties, dancing all night long. The next day might be hard to hit the gym, but many do it though. Such is peer pressure that some of them use garcinia cambogia to lose a few pounds before the events.
Over the years, this field of music has actually introduced quite a few different types of challenges for people to experience. DJs have actually introduced some innovative compositions over the years, which has included different types of sparse intros and outros for songs. This has allowed people to develop a few different unique signatures that will help separate their performance apart from many others out there.
Performers are introducing some surprising elements that will no doubt appeal to the way that most people tend to operate. This is part of the reason why performers will be interested in checking out some of the different types of acts being hosted at these concert venues.
Internships are almost a right-of-passage for new graduates. As an intern, you have the opportunity to work for a large company, learning the ropes and getting a great deal of life experience.
While many internships do not pay you any money, some do provide with a small honorarium. Of course, many interns actually end up working for the very company that they interned at. So, short-term pain for long-term gain, financially speaking.
There are thousands of college students vying for the same internships that you are looking at, but how do you set yourself apart, how do you get that internship you have been looking at? Here is how to find an internship in Canada.
First of all, you need to be open-minded about the opportunities for internships. You should apply at every internship you can find, with many different companies. Look for any positions you feel you are qualified for, or that you are interested in.
Look for companies that you also want to work for after graduation, because as was stated before, many interns go on to work for the companies they interned at. No sense interning at a company you hate, only to be offered a job there once your internship is completed.
Second, finding the internship itself typically comes down to your college or university. Most campuses have a career centre, and a website, that shows local and national intern opportunities. These centres also help you with crafting a good resume, and workshops to help you in the all-important interview stage. You don’t have to go through the college though.
There are several websites including TalentEgg.com and CareerBuilder.com, which help you find companies that are hiring interns, and allow you to send your resume in directly to them. You can also read reviews by former interns, who have worked at these businesses to determine if they are where you actually want to intern. You can also go to GlassDoor.com to see job listings, company reviews and salaries. Don’t forget about looking on the company websites themselves to see if there are any internships available.
Third, always be prepared and always network on LinkedIn. There are ample opportunities on LinkedIn if you are willing to connect with people. In addition, make sure you pay attention to how your social media profile may impact your hiring. If your profile picture is you with your spouse, or your child, that is great. If your profile picture is you drinking a large jug of alcohol and your cover photo is something offensive, don’t expect to be hired.
Assuming that employers looking for interns aren’t going to look at your profile page is a big mistake to make. They absolutely will look at your profile page, so make it look good. This goes for Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn especially. In a recent study by Career Enlightenment, it found that 50 per cent of all employers will use Facebook to find talent. Make a good impression before you even meet the employer with your social media profile.
Fourthly, speaking of LinkedIn, most recruiters will use LinkedIn to find candidates for internships, and to learn more information about you. Make sure you keep your LinkedIn profile page up-to-date with your education and experience as a well.
Once you find the internship and are hired, you now need to turn that internship into a full-time job. You can do this by understanding that you are not going to have fun work to start. You are going to be filing, doing menial tasks, and it will be boring but that doesn’t mean the job will be. Show enthusiasm and build trust early on to help increase your chances of being hired once the internship is done. Look at the office culture and follow it. If everyone shows up to meetings 20 minutes early, then you need to do the exact same. In addition, focus on the task at hand and do it to the best of your ability. Be confident in your work, but don’t be over confident. Above all else, make sure you take the work seriously. This could be a stepping stone to a bigger and better career for you, so don’t blow it.
Internships can be thankless jobs for some, but if you find the right internship, you can turn it into something more. Do your research beforehand and make sure you find the right internship for you, and don’t delay when you apply. Sometimes the first to be hired are the first to apply.
Internships are short-term work experiences that enable you to note and participate in professional work environments and explore exactly how your interests associate with possible professions. They are essential learning possibilities that can guide you make notified choices concerning your career path.
Applications directly using semantics are not lacking. We can mention research on automatic summarization or machine translation. Semantics is also involved in robotics, in particular the reasoning in natural languages, the man-machine dialogue. Semantics is, in the language sciences, as opposed to syntax.
The syntax is concerned with formal rules, whereas semantics concerns itself with meaning. The goal of the Semantic Web is to allow machines to exchange information using the meaning of words as in natural languages. This ambitious goal requires a lot of work on languages, systems and ontologies. As part of this objective, Topic Maps need to hold an important place.
For example, traditional search engines operate syntactically: a query on the keyword “sun” will fetch in a database pages containing the string [sun] regardless of the meaning of this word which depends of course on context. We found both the Auberge du Soleil, the Théâtre du Soleil, a catalog of sunglasses … plus pages about the Sun Star. In a Topic Map, we would create a Topic Sun, which will be defined according to the context. Ties with the Topic, via associations and occurrences are semantic links.
Language and symbolic capacity are at the heart of research in cognitive science (brain science). Scientists have discovered the biological basis of conscious experience. In addition to the exceptional concentration of nerve cells in the human brain, there is a vast network of connections between different cortical areas, which have various functions.
“The areas that coordinate language must be connected to all other sensory modalities, because we can recognize and identify an object by touch as well as vision, hearing or smell. All this information must find its way to the generator of the word.
However, intermodal connections between different cortical areas are far fewer in animals whose sensory systems remain more isolated, researchers recently found out. If the animal detects a stimulus by the visual system, it is not certain that it knows to generalize it in another modality, such as touch, for example.
Animals generalize much less than humans because they have less intermodal connections. The capacity for abstraction, generalization, is more advanced in humans (for better or for worse) and the intermodal capacity for abstraction is made possible by combining concept-word (or signified-signifier).
The symbolic capacity, is the fact that the symbols “milk”, “juice” … return home not only to a physical reality but also other symbols such as “liquid”, “fruit extract” etc.. It is this ability that allows us to invent imaginary animals, imaginary worlds from properties that have symbolic animals and real situations, or to imagine a life after death …
One wonders what is the semantics of programming. In fact, we find the term in mathematics since the 30s. Mathematical logic is a very precise language derived from natural language and designed to avoid ambiguity. Mathematical logic includes a formal syntax that says for example that the following sentence is correct: for any natural number x, there is a successor of the number x.
But there is also a formal semantics giving meaning to the symbols invariable and accurate, in terms of values or truths of set theory. Theorists have extended these computer methods to the analysis of programming languages. We thus find the term semantics in linguistics, mathematical logic and computer science.
For their part, linguists working in formal semantics extend these methods to the analysis of conjunctions (and, hence, so …), determinants (all, some, each, several …), the negation of verb tenses etc. Any linguistic semantics, even more intuitive, can be reformulated logically.
It is obviously possible to make the semantics intuitively. But reading semantics, we always ask: what is the link between semantics and intuitive logic? The challenge is to make the link between the two. (ie a bit of logic and set theory), taking into account the fact that your knowledge of logic are limited.